Day: May 24, 2020

Significanceof Theory

Significanceof Theory

Atheory makes it easy for one to understand concepts in psychology. Itprovides a framework for consistency and integrity during counseling.Theories direct mental health counselors and help them solve variouscounseling problems. It assists a mental counselor to conceptualizemental health problems or situations so as to provide the bestpossible solutions (LoFrisco, 2013).

Adler’stheory of personality talks of the factors that influence anindividual’s psychology. This theory resonates with many people dueto its practical analysis of an individual’s psychology. It is avery useful theory in counseling. The Adlerian theory argues that thedrive for most human behavior is the need to overcome the feelings ofinferiority. An individual cannot be motivated to strive forsuperiority when he or she feels inferior. Encouragement motivatesindividuals. It makes them feel appreciated and causes them to act ina coordinated and cooperative way (Adler Graduate School, 2016).

Alderstheory classifies people based on their psychological type and energylevels. This knowledge helps a counselor evaluate a client correctlyduring a counseling session. A counselor can easily solve theproblems facing a client when they understand the client’spsychological personality type.

Adler’stheory enables one to understand people and the problems theyencounter. Knowledge and comprehension of the theory make individualsempathize with fellow human beings. The theory shows that it isimpossible for all human beings to be equal because people grow anddevelop under varying circumstances, which eventually influence theirpsyche. Adler’s theory is sensible and applicable because it givesvarious logical reasons for the existing psychological types.Everyone’s personality is different due to the specific factorsthat drive them in life.

References

Adler Graduate School. (2016). Alfred Adler: Theory and Application. Retrieved from Alfred Adler: http://alfredadler.edu/about/alfred-adler-theory-application

LoFrisco, B. (2013 ). Six Reasons Counselling Theory is Important. Retrieved from Masters in Counselling: https://www.mastersincounseling.org/six-reasons-counseling-theory-is-important.html

GeorgeOrwell’s Lens: “What Hillary Clinton Doesn’t Get about Her OwnImmigration Story”

George Orwell writes candidly about the use of the English languagein politics to suit set objectives and situations. He famously wrotethat “political language is designed to make lies sound truthfuland murder respectable and to give an appearance of solidity to purewind (Orwell 157). Hillary Clinton’s political views and statementsepitomize such depiction of lies as truth. During her presidentialcampaign, she repeatedly stated that the country should welcome moreimmigrants as everybody will be set to benefit. However, the articleand video presented by Farrar comprehensively shows that she was notwholly truthful in heaping praise on American immigration history.Farrar reveals that Hillary’s relatives from her paternalgrandmother’s side lost jobs as a result of lax immigrationpolicies the early 20^th century. Her speechesstrategically ignore such facts and seek to a romanticized image ofimmigration while in reality, Americans have a different view of thesame. Thus, the George Orwell’s view of politicians such as HillaryClinton and their use of the English language portray them as liarsand people who manipulate words and their meanings for selfish gains.

Hillary Clinton fails to acknowledge the fact immigration is adouble-edged sword that has divided Americans right down the middle.On the one hand, American employers recognize the need for lowerwages accepted by immigrants and the need for increased labor sourcesto support growth in production. On the contrary, workers fear thatimmigrants would create an imbalance in the labor market leading tounemployment and even lower wages. However, Hillary Clinton ralliedvoters to support her presidency that would support immigrantsalready in the country since their numbers drive the US economy.While it is true that the state has historically relied on immigrantsfor growth and industrialization, not all subsequent cases ofimmigration have been beneficial. Also, empirical observations showthat immigration can benefit or hurt the economy depending onprevailing circumstances. Furthermore, economic theories such as thelaw of demand and supply help forecast the impact of uncontrolledimmigration. In most cases, the unlimited supply of laborers throughimmigration in a given market is likely to cause unemployment.

Again, Clinton personalized the issue of immigration to make herclaims more believable. She cites her family’s experience inpursuing the American dream. As one of the major female contendersfor the presidency, and also given her impressive political career,Clinton believed her story was enough to inspire many voters tosupport and share the American dream by electing her. The move is anexceptional way to employ pathos and appeal to the emotions of thecitizenry. Clinton believed that she was the right candidate and wasgoing to make the first female president who rose from a humbleimmigrant background. However, this was not to be. Individuals suchas Farrar dug deeper into her history and realized all was not rosyas she intended to portray. While there are occasional successfulstories of immigrants such as Clinton and President Barrack Obama’s,not many immigrants can narrate such success. Among are them are theJones brothers. Thus, failing to acknowledge the potential pitfallsof unrestricted immigration and the effects on workers is tantamountto misleading the people. Her intentions were to manipulate thepublic perception of a relaxed immigration policy as a creator anddriver of the American dream.

Furthermore, Clinton aptly employs politics to debase language andput her point through. Ideally, she claims that “Our future willalways be written in part by immigrants.” However, this claim isshrouded in vagueness. First of all, she does not elaborate in whatways that immigrants have contributed towards the history of America.She should have noted that there have been positives and negatives inthe immigration narrative. In fact, her opponent, Donald Trump isfamous for blaming terrorism, crime, slowed economy, and the drugproblem to immigrants. Therefore, Clinton’s view of the topic ofimmigration mirrors Orwell’s claim that political language is“largely of euphemism, question-begging and sheer cloudy vagueness”(13). A proper presentation on the issue should have applied logosand appeal to logic and reason by providing statistics and data onhow immigration has helped write the American history. Again, Farrarfeels that the immigration debate is a non-issue. What needs to beaddressed is how well the country can maneuver through economic andtechnological change. Emphasizing on immigration only seeks to flareup emotions for political gain and further divide Americans withoutaddressing the core issue of ensuring that all Americans affected bychange positively and negatively have their needs addressed.

From the above discussion, it is evident that political language isvague and seeks to cover up lies. As for Hillary Clinton, she employsthe ‘us against them’ mentality in addressing the immigrationissue. She attempts to make Americans believe that they have all beenbeneficiaries of immigration and thus they have a moral obligation tosupport it. However, looking back, it is evident that her familypartly suffered from the effects of immigration. She chooses toignore such potential effects of immigration for strategic reasons.Again, such views confirm Orwell`s position that politicians do notthink about the words they use and that other people write most ofthese speeches for them. As such, Orwell advises the public not totake politicians seriously and warns them about their capabilities inmanipulating language to suit their selfish objectives.

WorksCited

Orwell, George.Politics and the English Language. New York: Penguin BooksLimited. 2013.

Print.

Farrar, Cynthia. TheVideo That Helps Explain Clinton’s Loss. 10.26.2016. Web.01.03.2017.

&lthttp://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2016/10/hillary-clinton-immigration-story-video-214392&gt

PresentLevels of Educational Performance

PresentLevels of Educational Performance

Thechild in question is Laney. She is a student at Rosa Parks Elementaryschool. The student has undergone tier 2 intervention (“TheIRIS Center for Training Enhancements”, 2008).However, she did not respond as expected, thus necessitating hershift to a special education program.

Strengths

1. The child has proper hearing capabilities.

2. Additionally, she has good vision.

3. More so, she has a likeable personality. As such, her reading difficulties cannot be blamed on esteem issues.

Evaluations

1. The child has difficulty in decoding.

2. She also lacks a letter-sound correspondence as well as poor at sight words.

Performancein Classes

Theinformation provided shows that she is having difficulty in herclasses, especially that involve reading. However, the problem is inthe letter-sound correspondence, but her reasoning and logic are notaffected. In fact, once she is able to read something, she performsthe other calculations excellently.

Influenceof Language, Culture, and Family Background

Accordingto the parents, her background does not put her at a disadvantage.She has adequate motivation both at home and at school. Additionally,she has not undergone any traumatic events that could affect herpsychologically. More so, her family’s situation is normal, thuseliminating the possibility of home-related stress.

Strengths,Preferences, and Interests in Non-Academic Areas

Laneyis a playful child. She interacts well with her peers and has acouple of friends. Notably, she prefers number to letter games,considering her poor reading skills. As such, she can be said to be asocial and happy child.

AdditionalInformation That Should be Collected

Consideringthat she seems to have a good background, stress related illnesseshave been eliminated. As such, it is necessary that she undergo teststo check for reading disabilities such as Dyslexia. Moreover, heracademic history should be traced, especially her first year ofschool. Additionally, her concentration span and anxiety levelsshould be assessed as well.

Reference

TheIRIS Center for Training Enhancements. (2008). RTI(part 5): A closer lookattier 3.Retrievedfromhttp://iris.peabody.vanderbilt.edu/module/rti05-tier3/#content

Lastname 1

Rulesof Engagement

Rulesof engagement are tools used by military forces. They dictate themost appropriate protocol to follow when executing orders from higherchains of command on targeted subjects. Besides, they are sensitivesince they contribute significantly to the safety of soldiers when onmissions and in combats. In fact, the deaths of many soldiers inbattle are attributed to the lack of clarity in the rules ofengagement therefore, such instances are mostly considered as afailure by the government. All the same, rules of engagement may bedifficult to define accurately because the situations the forces willencounter on the ground are unpredictable.

MatterDescription

Firstof all, the significance of having rules of engagement is to ensuresanity among the soldiers when executing operations. Consequently, itis not entirely appropriate to grant soldiers the ultimate freedom offollowing their instincts when performing operations. However, thefact that the soldiers’ actions have to be approved first brings inthe element of risk. Getting approval from the chains of commandconsumes time. For that reason, it increases chances of puttingtroops in harm, especially when in extremely hostile environments. Infact, the protocols are rated as the most probable causes of why manysoldiers lose their lives when on missions. There are several reformson this tool that have been implemented to ensure that tasks arecarried out efficiently and increase safety for soldiers. Forexample, the aspect of self-defense now fosters the right for asoldier to act accordingly by his or her judgment upon a situation insome way (Tighter Rules of Engagement para. 7). That has created roomfor fighters to go ahead with proper actions given the intensity of asituation.

ProblemDescription

Evenwith the idea of self-defense put into consideration, circumstancessuch as when the civilians are in danger may be problematic. Forinstance, if the military crews are at risk, a dilemma may surgecausing complexity in the way to approach such circumstances. Thelives of both soldiers and the civilians at risk are both significantto preserve. However, the rules of engagement necessitate that theywithdraw from attacking perpetrators to save civilians’ lives. Inthe act of self-defense, soldiers may also make miscalculations, andend up terminating innocent subjects with no intent (Tighter Rules ofEngagement para. 8). In fact, that is just one angle of viewing rulesof engagement and its limitations. For instance, suspects orindividuals can also succeed in wrong doings or harm the troops whenunderestimated or no prompt military action is taken upon them. Allthese problems draw from the fact that the rules of engagement cannotbe articulate, comprehensive, and thorough enough to be appropriatefor every situation that could likely happen during a mission(Tighter Rules of Engagement para. 12).

SupportiveArgument

Theweaknesses in rules of engagement are visible. A good example is areport about the increasing casualty rate of the US soldiers inAfghanistan. The report’s numbers have caught high attention fromthe media and the public. After Obama assumed office and added 30,000more troops to the Afghan conflict’s course, the rules ofengagement put into place restricted combat through air strikes.Instead, they advocated for various approaches towards avoidingcivilian casualties(TighterRules of Engagement para. 4). Reports even claim that the forces wereat times ordered not to use their arms. They were only obliged to usetheir weapons after convincing the higher commanders that there was agreat danger or when responding to the Taliban fighters (TighterRules of Engagement para. 11).

Rulesof engagement, therefore, are significant, but they need furtherreviews by scholars because the number of casualties by 2010 hadalready totaled to over 400 American soldiers (Tighter Rules ofEngagement para. 8). Despite the fact that the conflict ended invictory, the policies engagement remains crucial. Their necessity isevident from the way the issue causes mixed feelings. It isdisturbing that human lives are lost under circumstances which can bedodged for better outcomes. Just like the case of the Afghanconflict, many people hold the opinion that many American livesperished that time because of the government’s negligence, mainlyfrom the top most Generals (negligence by failing to consider thefull safety of the soldiers going to battle) (Tighter Rules ofEngagement para. 10).

Recommendation

Thegovernment should incorporate rules of engagement that see more tothe safety of the soldiers going into battle. During the variousassignments, regulations should aim at making the safest decision atthe verge of engaging with a possible threat. It is imperative toappreciate that technology has brought along enhanced communicationsystems and tools hence, it is possible that even the highercommander ranks can always remain connected to the happenings on theground through instruments such as cameras and advanced radiocontacts. That way, it becomes possible to make timely decisions uponsituations, thus, an opportunity to execute assignments whilelimiting unwanted casualties.

Conclusion

Fixedrules of engagement in a military operation are the leading cause ofunintended casualties because situations in a task may turn outdifferently. This explains the significance of making the safestdecision possible. Ultimate connection between the higher commandersand the troops on the ground should be established. Such connectionsare necessary to keep those not present physically on the groundaware of the gravity of the situations endured by platoons in anassignment. The volatility of situations that can happen on theground is high.

WorkCited

“TighterRules of Engagement Contributed to US Casualty Rate in Afghanistan –Report.”RT News,6 Dec. 2013,https://www.rt.com/usa/battlefield-deaths-rules-engagement-change-862/.3 Jan. 2017.

CognitivePsychology

Cognitivepsychology is the study of mental functions, mental processes andways in which information is dealt with in the mind. Mental functionsinclude memory, thinking, attention, consciousness, perception,processing, problem solving, and language (Davies, 2015). Knowledgederived from cognitive psychology finds a lot of application in otherdisciplines such as personal psychology, social psychology, educationpsychology, economics and other areas. Consequently, the studyreviews the fact that brain could be comprehended as the compositecomputing system. The field offers both theoretical and practicalapproaches to understanding and acquiring knowledge, thoughts, sensesand experiences (Gillund, 2013). This study seeks to portray howcognitive psychology can be applied to personal and workplace issues,demonstrate how one knows when learning had occurred, describe a timewhen I was a successful learner as well as discussing some of thekeys that lead to my success.

Thereare many applications of cognitive psychology to both workplace andpersonal issues. These applications involve areas such as motivation,learning, emotions and behaviors. The workplace is the environment inwhich persons with diverse worldviews, communication styles andpersonalities interact. These variations usually contribute toworkplace issues such as interpersonal conflict, communicationproblems, performance issues, poor job fit, low motivation and jobsatisfaction (Gillund, 2013). The workplace issues usually result instress, reduced satisfaction, decreased performance and even jobloss. Thus, cognitive psychology can be used to improve learning goodcommunication and resolutions skills which later can help to resolveworkplace issues. It can also be used to motivate employees throughvocational counseling concerning job fit, satisfaction, andperformance. Conversely, most of the personal issues are contributedby behaviors and emotions of a particular individual. Cognitivepsychology can be used to help people on how to control theirnegative emotions as well as actions which help the individuals tointeract well with others (Davies, 2015). For instance, a parent canteach her child to behave well as early as possible, and that childmay not easily go contrary to those teaching. Rewarding andpunishments can help the children to shape their behaviors as well asemotions.

Learningis changing of one’s behavior as a result of direct or indirectexperience. Persons can learn through many ways such as operant andclassical conditioning as well as latent and insight learning. Onecan know when learning has happened to others through observingchanges in their particular behaviors (Gillund, 2013). For instance,one can tell that a child has learned if the child starts to avoidtouching a burning candle. Also, you can know that your drivingstudents have learned to drive if they drive carefully on the highwaywithout an instructor. In addition to knowing that learning hasoccurred to others, one can also know that learning has occurredwithin oneself if that person changes his or her behavior and has agood reason as to why the behavior has changed (Davies, 2015). Forexample, when one chooses to study and complete all the collegeassignments, one will know which part they understand most, whichthey did not understand well and therefore needs to be allocated moretime in order to comprehend. As a result, the person is most likelyto pass the class with outstanding grades. Alternatively, if theindividual fails to study all the course assignments one will knowthat he/she is not learning adequately and as result he/she mayobtain very low grades leading to failure of that course.

Allthrough my high school lifetime, I was ranked among the top threeperforming students from the first to the final year. Therefore, Ican simply consider myself as a successful learner at that particulartime. One month before joining the high school, I was lucky to visitmy uncle who is not only a relative but my great personal advisor anda friend. My uncle is a very determined high school teacher and bythe time I was joining the high school he had served for six years.Therefore, I got the opportunity to ask him how to balance the classwork and extra-curriculum activities to emerge as a successfullearner in both areas. He advised me on how to plan and allocate timeto my activities according to their importance and urgency. By doingthat, it would make me utilize my time properly and ensure that Ihave met the needs of each activity. So when I finally joined thehigh school, I knew what to do, and set targets to each subject, andstudied efficiently to meet them. Due to my uncle`s motivation, Istarted working from the word go. I was always ahead of theinstructor given the course outline. I could complete all theassignments on time, and when we sat for the first term exam, Inearly scored over ninety-five percent in all the subjects. It isalways said that obtaining a good grade is easy but maintaining thatclass is very hard. So I struggled to keep high grades throughcontinuous learning.

Therewere many keys toward my success but the most important ones includemotivation, perception, attention, memory, problem solving andlanguage (Gillund, 2013). First, I perceived learning as doable andeasy process when constantly done. Second, I paid attention to everydetail in all subject’s assignment and especially in each lesson, Iensured that I was physically and mentally present. Third, memory isvery crucial in any learning process because it is what proves thatyou have learned something. I noted that the more I reviewed my work,the more I enhanced my memory. Fourth, I developed my language oflearning each subject. For example, I could summarize a whole topicwith a few words made of first letters of each keyword which helpedme to revise my work very fast, but before summarizing, I had to readevery detail and understand it. Lastly, whenever I faced a problem inmy learning process, I utilized my problem-solving skill whichinvolves deciding to allocate more time to study the concept,consulting a teacher or group study members. Thus, those were some ofthe keys to my success.

Inconclusion, cognitive psychology can be applied to the workplace andpersonal issues in areas such as learning, motivation, behaviors andemotions. Learning is the adjustment of one’s behavior as result ofdirect or indirect experience. One can know that learning hasoccurred if there are some changes in a particular conduct. During myhigh school life, I emerged as a successful learner because I scoredvery high grades throughout. Some of the keys that led to my successincluded perception, attention, memory, problem-solving, motivation,and language.

References

Gillund,G. (2013). Applied cognitive psychology and cognitive psychologyapplied.&nbspPsycCRITIQUES,&nbsp35(2),doi: 10.1037/028269

Davies,G. (2015). Reviewers for applied cognitive psychology 2014.&nbspApplied,&nbsp29(2),320–321. doi:10.1002/acp.3113

MAXIMUM MEGAHERTZ PROJECT 1

Organizations often launch projects with the aim of improving theircompetitive advantage therefore, ensure increased profitability.However, not all projects are successful, with failure oftenresulting in huge losses for the organization. Despite the existenceof numerous failed projects, literature on how to identify andterminate a failing project is quite limited. The lack of knowledgeon the various indicators of project failure often results in timewastage as well as loss. The case studyillustrates a situation where a CEO does not know when to terminate aproject despite the project constantly failing. This essay provides adescription on how the CEO can identify failing projects earlytherefore, terminate them without embarrassing his employees.

The identification of failing projects in the early stages iscrucial in preventing time and resource wastage. However, identifyinga dying project before completion is often complicated and may resultin junior employees feeling embarrassed, and viewing themselves asfailures. The Wireless Telecommunications CEO should consider variousfactors that may indicate the failure of a project. One major factorto consider is extreme changes in the timeline and budget. Allprojects often have a time limit to complete. Extension of thetimeline by long periods is a major indicator of a dying project.Short extensions may be required to deal with unexpected issuesincluding loss of employees, or new government incentives. However,long extensions indicate poor planning which in turn often results infailure of the projects (Williams, Klakegg, Walker, Andersen, &ampMagnussen, 2012). Drastic increases in the project`s budget may alsobe an indicator of failure. Although issues of inflation and othereconomic factors may result in a need to increase the project’sbudget, a drastic increase in the planned expenditure is an indicatorof a dying project. In the case, the budget doubled after the projectbegan. Such a situation may also indicate poor planning.

The identification of failure signals paves the way for thetermination of a project. The termination of a project beforecompletion may result in employees feeling embarrassed due tofeelings of being failures. However, a CEO may terminate a projectwithout embarrassing the employees involves in the planning andimplementation. One factor that may help reduce such embarrassment isthe use of a risk management plan. A risk management plan is oftencreated when planning for a project. The plan often entails a list offactors that may indicate the possibility of failure. In case suchfactors are identified, the CEO should launch an investigation toidentify if the problems likely to result in project failure can beaddressed (Shepherd, Patzelt, &amp Wolfe, 2011). If the problemcannot be solved, the CEO should launch a project terminationprocedure that involves a documentation of the lessons learned, aswell as the reasons for project termination. The CEO should ensurethat all individuals involved in the project receive copies of thereport to ensure the problems experienced do not occur in the future(Shepherd, Patzelt, &amp Wolfe, 2011). While explaining the reasonsfor the project’s termination the CEO should ensure that allemployees know it is not their fault that the project was terminated.

Conclusion

Project failure often results in loses. However, theidentification of a failing project may help managers avoid loses asthey can terminate the project during the early stages. In thescenario, the changing budget and extended timeline are clearindicators of a dying project. The identification of such issuesallows the manager to terminate a project without embarrassing thesix individuals involved. Other than preventing embarrassment to theemployees, a manager should also ensure that failing projects act aslearning points for all employees involved.

References

Shepherd, D. A., Patzelt, H., &amp Wolfe, M. (2011). Moving Forwardfrom Project Failure: Negative Emotions, Affective Commitment, andLearning from the Experience. Academy of Management Journal,1229-1259.

Williams, T., Jonny Klakegg, O., Walker, D. H., Andersen, B., &ampMorten Magnussen, O. (2012). Identifying and acting on early warningsigns in complex projects . Project Management Journal, 37-53.

TranstheoreticalMethods

TranstheoreticalMethod

Thetranstheoretical method is a developmental model in the process ofpromoting behavioral change. The design simply makes a description ofhow people can create and adopt a positive behavior towards aproblem. The significant points of the model are the stages of changeintentionally initiated by the individual’s decision (Zhu,Ho, Sit, &amp He, 2014).The human behavior is dependent on the mindset of the person mostlyon the motive or intention.

SMARTGoal

Iwant to develop my fitness level through running to cover 5 milesover a period of 3 months beginning next week. I will run for 30minutes for three days every week until the three months are over.Frequent running is of relevance to my other goals of attaining leanmuscles and energy.

Stageof Change

Atthe beginning of this winter, I was in the pre-contemplation stage asI had the intentions of taking the current action I am taking now. Bythen, I had little information about the outcome of my proposedactions. I was also demoralized after having tried to do somephysical activities before. Worse still, I also had a negativity thatthe health programs are not suitable for me.

Benefits

Theultimate goal in mind is attaining leaner muscles with more energy,but after in-depth research, I have realized that there are morebenefits included. First of all, is the cardiovascular conditioning.This condition is where the individual attains the required heartrate during exercise and can maintain the speed for 20 minuteswithout much effort. Other benefits are stretching of the limbs, theability to have core stability, mental and physical rest while asleep(Zhu,Ho, Sit, &amp He, 2014).

Barriers

Itis a common occurrence for every activity to face obstacles whilecarrying them out, and my intended health plan is no exception.Studies from health articles by experts show that some of the commonchallenges to attaining my targets include not having enough sleep,taking minimal or no nutritional meals like fruits and vegetables andunstable sugar levels in the blood

ControllingBarriers

Tomanage the barriers, I need to have enough sleep every day withoutsubstituting it for other habits like watching television. I alsoneed to have a balanced diet without neglecting any nutrients andfinally, control the intake of refined foods with high sugarcontents.

ChangeProcesses

Theprocesses of change are the practical activities that people engagein to act as their guides as they move from one stage to another.They are grouped into two which are the experimental processes (theinitial stages) and the behavioral processes which come later in thestages.

Toachieve my health goal, I will apply the self-re-evaluation processby having a personal assessment of my image without reference to aparticular bad habit. I need to value myself and have a positiveattitude as it will boost my coordination. I can use celebrities astarget role models.

Strategies

Mostof the initial stages in the process of change are as a result ofinformation deficiency, and the best way to overcome them is byaccessing and sourcing as much information as possible through theprint and non-print materials. Through the gathered information, Ican overcome cases of social liberation and environmentalreevaluation.

Thesecond group of the behavioral requires change and control ofpersonal habits and maintaining more positive habits. For example, Iwill need to have stimulus control by removing unhealthy habits andreplacing with the healthier one. Therefore, I can also liberatemyself by believing in my capabilities to improve for the better.

References

Zhu,L., Ho, S., Sit, J., &amp He, H. (2014). Retracted: Can thetranstheoretical model motivate

patientswith coronary heart disease to exercise?. Nursing&amp Health Sciences,17(1),143

143.http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nhs.12150

I believe integrity involves doing the right thing at the right timeeven in circumstances where no one is watching. It consists ofhonesty, trust, sincerity, virtue, subordination, responsibility, andallegiance. It is not a born-with trait, but is learned in life. Itis imperative in all sectors of life.

plays a significant role in the community because it requires everymember to hold their beliefs firmly so that they can act accordinglyin academic, personal, and professional situations. For instance, inan academic setting, it allows students to be responsible and honestin their studies. In personal circumstances, it enables an individualto understand who he or she is and be sincere to his or her interestsand ultimate life. In a professional setting, it enables employeesand employers to be committed to the professional codes of ethics(Andersonn.p).Additionally, it helps to develop the sense of loyalty and to fosterprofessional competencies.

Concerningacademic integrity, Purdue should expect students to be aware of theacademic requirements, as well as the consequences they are likely toface if they violate them. It should also expect them to producetheir own original work without cheating. They should possess honestywhile working on assignments, exams, on a problem set, or a labreport. They should avoid unauthorized collaboration and plagiarism.

Students whodo not uphold Purdue requirements should receive severe punishment.They should first receive a warning for the first violations to helpthem realize their faults. However, for the second violation, theuniversity should record their misconducts in the file. For extremecases, whereby students commit a serious violation, the institutionshould expel them.

Work Cited

Anderson, AmyRees. &quotSuccess Will Come and Go, But IsForever.&quot&nbspForbes.Forbes Magazine, 28 Nov. 2012. Web. 03 Jan. 2017.

PERSONAL ECONOMIC DECISION AND BEHAVIORAL BIAS

PersonalEconomic Decision and Behavioral Bias

PersonalEconomic Decision and Behavioral Bias

Sometimes, individuals arrive at decisions informed by theirbehavioral biases rather than by the economic viability. Suchdecisions go against the basic rules of demand and supply (Carvalho,Meier &amp Wang, 2016). I have not been averse such a resolutionResearch shows that watches are not common among college students.About one in every 20 college goers wear a wrist watch (Agranoff,2012). The trend has been a result of the wide adoption ofuser-friendly mobile phones that have features to show the correcttime. My initial perception (which turned it to be wrong) was thatselling silver watches would result in a boom and I would convincethe students to wear them.

Unfortunately, it seemed to be an inappropriate move from thebeginning. Although I liked watches, my friends and others in theircircles did not seem to share a similar idea. A good number of themwere willing to buy the watches at a low price that would not allowme to recover the initial cost. I decided not to part with my silverwatches for a loss. With time, I became a known figure in the socialgroups, and I found it difficult to approach most of them since theyhad not shown interest in my wares. At last, I gave up after onlyselling a couple of them.

If I get another chance to present different items to the students, Iwould not stick to the initial price if most of them are willing tooffer a lower one. I would rather sell the stock and invest insomething more favorable after conducting a thorough market research.It is also unsustainable for a prospective entrepreneur to withholdstock with the hope realizing enormous profits.

References

Agranoff, C. (2012). Are Watches Obsolete? The Huffington Post.Retrieved fromhttp://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/craig-agranoff/are-watches-obsolete_b_1657648.html

Carvalho, L. S., Meier, S., &amp Wang, S. W. (2016). Poverty andeconomic decision-making: Evidence from changes in financialresources at payday. The American Economic Review, 106(2),260-284.

Price of Glory 3

PRICEOF GLORY

Department:

College:

Priceof Glory

Firstpublished in 1963, “The Price of Glory” is perceived to be one ofthe best history books, and is an explicit illustration of the GreatWar experiences¹.The book majorly illuminates Verdun’s strategic fortification withthe Germans aiming at defeating their enemies (theFrench armies).The Germans further aimed at trapping the French soldiers byattacking places of strategic importance to France such as Verdun andBelfort. The book primarily gives detailed information on the generalhappenings of the Great War².Falkenhayn’s plans are approved by the Kaiser paving the way forthe battle of Verdun which the French were willing to protect at allcost. The author accurately describes the organization and groundingof the war and labels the French defenses as inherently underprepared to withhold the Germans³.

Forinstance, on 21st February, the French forces succumbed to themassive artillery bombardments instigated by the German troops. Theauthor asserts that French positions and defenses were heavilycompromised with heavy shelling by the Germans⁴.The French army lost most of its battalions with most failing tosuccessfully withhold the German forces. The ultimate disgrace forthe French was when the Germans captured Fort Douaumont in unclearconditions⁵.

TheFrench lost very many strategic locations to the enemy furtherparalyzing the operations of the army⁶.This was majorly because the Germans blocked access to vital suppliessuch as food, water, and artilleries to the French troops. By June,most French soldiers were already stretched to the limit, and someeven refused to go back to the battle fronts or man the trenches⁷.However, the French were very adamant and refused to relent despitelosing substantial grounds during the war.

Onthe other hand, the Germans too were experiencing tremendous problemswith increased casualties. This was because the French army wasgaining air supremacy and the Germans were falling short of heavyweaponry and infantries. The French were slowly regaining theirstrength and started launching a strong defense of Verdun. Notably,both the French and the Germans suffered horrific casualties duringthe war. For example, the French lost approximately 275,000 men and6500 officers while the Germans lost about 250,000 soldiers.Additionally, roughly 37 million rounds of ammunitions were firedjointly by both the French and German forces⁸.

Specifically,this book gives a clear graphical explanation of the causes of theGreat War, the planning, and the outcome⁹.The book excellently provides details of how both sides executed theGreat War leading to a vital understanding of the 1^stWorld War. Overall, the book “The Price of Glory” is innatelyfascinating and portrays the battle of Verdun as one of the mostdreadful wars in history that resulted into so many casualties.

Bibliography

Horne,Alistair.&nbspTheprice of glory: Verdun 1916.Penguin UK, 1993.

1 Horne, Alistair.&nbspThe price of glory: Verdun 1916. Penguin UK, 1993.

2 Ibid, 12

3 Ibid, 23

4 Ibid, 45

5 Ibid, 69

6 Ibid, 77

7 Ibid, 81

8 Ibid, 102

9 Ibid, 113